Presyuhan ang isang orçamento ng kalsada mula sa SICRO base

Load the SICRO tables for the state the road runs through and the reference month the edital names, and keep both on the record with the prices. Load the matching equipment and insumo tables rather than mixing a new servico table with equipment costs you already had.

Bakit: SICRO prices differ by state because fuel, aggregate and labour do, and a road that crosses a boundary can legitimately need two tables. Fixing which table applies to which stretch now is a paragraph. Doing it after the proposals are open is a dispute in which both sides are quoting real published prices.

For each machine the method needs, set the ownership cost, the fuel and lubricant, the maintenance and the operator, and split the result into a productive hour and an idle hour. Do it for the plant that waits as well as the plant that works, the water truck and the roller included.

Bakit: On a road contract the machines are the estimate. A single hourly cost averaged across productive and idle time prices a fleet that is always either working or parked, and no earthworks operation behaves that way. The two-rate split is what lets the composicao say honestly that the excavator drives the cycle and the trucks wait on it.

Measure what moves and how far: cut to fill, borrow pit to embankment, quarry to plant, plant to laydown. Work out the distancia media de transporte for each pairing and carry it as a measured item rather than as a note beside a volume.

Bakit: Transport is often the largest single cost on an earthworks job and it is the one most often taken from a drawing rather than from the ground. A DMT measured against real borrow pits and real access roads is a number both sides can check. A DMT assumed to be the straight-line distance is a claim waiting to happen the first week the trucks run.

Build each servico as an assembly whose production per hour comes from one machine, and let the rest of the fleet follow it as productive or idle hours. Keep the material, the labour and the transport as their own components so the cost of a cubic metre can be read apart from the cost of moving it.

Bakit: A road composicao where every machine works at full production prices a fleet that never queues, and it is always the cheapest way to be wrong. Naming the machine that sets the pace makes the estimate say what the site will do, and it tells the planner which single piece of plant the programme depends on.

Apply the composicoes to the positions, carry the transport as its own set of items, and total the bill by lote and by segment so each stretch can be read on its own. Check that the earthworks balance in the bill matches the one the transport was measured from.

Bakit: A road contract is usually awarded and measured by lote, so a total that only exists for the whole scheme has to be rebuilt by hand for every conversation. And an earthworks balance that disagrees with the transport measured against it means one of the two is describing a road that was not designed.

Write down which SICRO table and month priced the work, which borrow pits and quarries the transport assumed, and which of those are not yet licensed or contracted. Name the assumptions that would move the price if they turn out differently.

Bakit: The borrow pit is the assumption that changes most often and costs most when it does. Named in the basis of estimate before the bid, a pit that turns out to be unavailable is a variation with a documented starting point. Unnamed, it is a cost the contractor carries while explaining that everybody knew.