案例 / 商务与合同
商务与合同

Soll-Ist control on a running site

Read the Deckungsbeitrag while the site is still running: set the Soll from the calculation, book progress and actual cost every period, reconcile cost against value and let earned value say where the job lands.

7 个步骤14 分钟总承包商专业分包商项目/施工管理公司

运作方式,逐步说明

贯穿平台的 7 个步骤 - 每一步做什么,以及为什么重要。

1

Set the Soll from the calculation

5D 造价模型

Generate the cost budget from the priced bill, then work down the budget lines category by category so the Soll carries the money your calculation carried, split the way site will actually spend it.

原因: A Soll is only worth comparing against when it comes from the calculation the job was priced on. A budget keyed in from memory turns every later variance into an argument about the budget instead of a decision about the work.

输入Priced bill of quantitiesCost categories成果Soll budget linesBudget at completion
2

Freeze the baseline

挣值管理

Create the baseline from that budget with its budget at completion, run the check, and approve it. From here the Soll is fixed and dated, and every later measurement is read against it.

原因: A budget nobody froze quietly swallows a Nachtrag, and the margin never moves - which is exactly how a job reads as healthy until the end. A dated, approved Soll makes added scope show up as a change you can see, price and defend.

输入Soll budget linesBudget at completion成果Approved baselineDated Soll
3

Record what is built at the cut-off

进度

On the cut-off date record the percent complete against the bill positions from the site measurement, then read the earned quantity and the quantity variance the entries produce.

原因: Built work is the one figure nobody can invoice their way around. Recording it position by position, on a date everyone holds to, is what keeps the value side of the reconciliation from turning into a feeling.

输入Site measurementBill positionsPeriod cut-off成果Percent complete per positionEarned quantityQuantity variance
4

Turn the progress into a Leistungsmeldung

合同

Raise the progress claim for the period and populate it from the progress you just recorded, then walk it from submitted through approved to certified so the period ends with a value both sides stand behind.

原因: The Leistungsmeldung is what turns built work into money you are allowed to count. Filling it from recorded progress rather than from a spreadsheet keeps the value in the reconciliation tied to something that was measured on site.

输入Recorded progressContract and retention terms成果Leistungsmeldung for the periodCertified value to date
5

Book the Ist and the Obligo

财务

Book the cost that landed in the same period - subcontractor and supplier invoices, labour, plant - and bring in the orders placed but not yet invoiced so the Obligo sits alongside the Ist.

原因: Cost you have ordered but not yet been billed for is the part of the overrun that has already happened and cannot be seen yet. Leave it out and the margin looks fine for exactly as long as the post takes to arrive.

输入Subcontractor and supplier invoicesLabour and plant recordsOrders placed成果Ist cost to dateObligo
6

Read the Deckungsbeitrag

成本产值核对

Open the month, set the value to date against the cost to date per cost head with the accruals in, and read the margin to date and the forecast margin. Finalise the month once the figures are agreed.

原因: One margin figure tells you there is a problem; a margin per cost head tells you which trade caused it. Finalising the month puts an agreed number on the record, so next month's movement is a comparison rather than a fresh opinion.

输入Certified value to dateIst cost and ObligoSoll budget lines成果Deckungsbeitrag to dateForecast marginFinalised month
7

Forecast where the job lands

挣值管理

Record the measurement for the cut-off - earned value, actual cost, planned value - and work out the forecast. Read the cost and schedule indices, the outturn against budget, and pick up any alert that has tripped its threshold.

原因: An index under one is a forecast, not a report card: it says where the job ends up if nothing changes. Read in month three that is a plan to fix the trade that is losing. Read at the Schlussrechnung it is only the loss you already took.

输入Approved baselineEarned value and actual costCut-off date成果Cost and schedule indicesOutturn against budgetThreshold alert
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